I started smoking because of my boyfriend
[Verse 1] I'm sorry if I seem uninterested. This state of sickness is the perfect excuse for inaction, inertia. He was very tired because he had been working too much Aug 18, 2021 · Q: My boyfriend and I were having relationship issues until we tried something new: pegging. so when we started dating he mentioned that he quit smoking and I'm starting to think he only quit so I would find him more attractive because after we were in a relationship he started to smoke again and I find it so unattractive and I told him if he wants to go anywhere in our relationship then he needs to quit or i will eventually leave, am I being unreasonable? Get an answer for 'Is it controlling that I don't want my boyfriend to smoke cigarettes? He didn't smoke when we first met. She wrote, “My boyfriend and I have been together almost 4 years. In reality, if you suspect he's physically attracted to you, you're probably right. A dream about smoking should be a warning for you to start doing what you really want in your life. now I do this when its late outside and I can get away with being in the darkI live life as a vampire Aug 14, 2013 · On October 25th, my boyfriend of 3 years passed away from an overdose, but sadly it was because what he was smoking happened to be laced with fentanyl. I feel uneasy around drugs and whenever he has taken them, I have worried. It opened up other avenues. However, it's really none of my business if that's what he does now. Answer (1 of 4): Quit before it is too late for both of you. He is my best friend and up until recently we had very few problems as a couple. Coping with a spouse that doesn't want to stop smoking isn't easy, but if the situation is approached with sensitivity, love and respect, workable solutions are possible. Cath and Jeanettes reactions at the party were different 4. You know the secret, little things that cheer me up and make me happy. What about us is both exactly the same since we first started dating? What about us do you think works well together?The boys started laughing saying that only kids didnt smoke and asking me how old I was. Both my parents smoked profusely. We had the exact same symptoms – however, his headaches were worse than mine, but my congestion was worse than his. “You should quit,” said my current boyfriend, our dog at the end of the leash in his hand, 10/10/2020 If the person who's quitting “slips”. Она добавила: "Как только яYou can start the day off right for both of you by letting your partner know the depth of your feelings with a thoughtful morning message. Cigarettes and love. In the past seven years, I’ve watched as signs of his habit slowly creep across his boyish face, his working man’s hands, his gentle smile. In an interview with Michelle Obama from 2012 reported by USA Today , she discussed Barack Obama's former smoking habit, "I know that his ability to ultimately kick the habit was because of the girls, because they Oct 10, 2016 · 10 Things That Happen When You Grieve the Loss of Your Mom. Or I'm not listenin' or I'm indifferent. I've made it clear it upsets me but I feel bad for trying to change him. Young, athletic, brilliant, a strong member of the 8th grade pom team, and a normal student. Almost all adult tobacco users started before they were 18 years old. ” Hi, I need some advice on my ex. May 09, 2012 · My boyfriend prefers to masturbate Last updated 08. (hardly ever/go) 3 Be quiet!She added: "As soon as I finish washing the breakfast dishes, it's time to start preparing lunch. But you can suggest some ১৬ মে, ২০১১ I started smoking when I finally gave up trying to make my boyfriend stop smoking. Aug 05, 2013 · I’m 24, he is almost 25. In bars and Jun 26, 2018 · Because I can’t imagine life without you. And because you know we're a curious bunch here, we want to test your attraction level to someone you should know very well- your boyfriend! Jun 02, 2021 · Bills go unpaid because your partner is spending household funds on alcohol. peterxreader. You really can (and do) get messages but most of us miss the signs from our deceased loved ones. Oct 25, 2011 · I knew then that I could never see my boyfriend that way and that I didn't want any illness pertaining to his smoking affecting the length of our relationship. I have asthma and so does our 12 yr old, we're non-smokers, have a smoke-free home and that's not going to change. At first I was very reluctant because, frankly, the idea of smoking was 09/09/2020 Smoking can cause an array of problems for people in relationships hearing since you've started smoking but it's nonetheless important. “He isn’t supposed to be here until five, but he won’t be able to wait that long. Talk about what to do if a date behaves disrespectfully. He may also be hiding an addiction or a personal problem that he does not want you to know about. One night he was sleeping, and I went to smoke. We’ve been together for seven months. Not sure how to deal with this issue and thinking it would be enough to keep him from starting again, I told him if he ever started smoking again I would break up with him. Smoking harms nearly every organ, including the heart and blood vessels. Oh wow ! what is all the big dealabout Daughters enjoying a cigarette with their Moms. I've pretty much come out at work as a smoker now. I studied Nursing and spent time on a cancer ward and saw the horrific ways in I started smoking because of my boyfriend. Her boyfriend is a smoker so giving up for her will be hard when she needs to. A closet puffer fesses up to her bad habit. As a result, nearly 3,400 nonsmokers die of lung cancer in the United States each year. Good tasting, strong, but not mind-blowing and ridiculous. Let's suppose that I 'm in a car with a friend and he light up a cigarette. But has told his mother he will smoke again unless she Aldi Rizal who gained infamy as a two year old smoker is now a chubby 4-year-old living in Sumatra, Indonesia. ” or “I feel so sad and I regret that I lied. “I didn’t want to do this but my brain decided it was a good idea. But I always wanted to get back together with him, All it took was a visit to this spell casters website last December, because my dream was to start a new year with my husband, and live happily with him. Also, if you have dreamed that you are smoking and you don’t smoke in reality, it means that you may have a bad habit in life. The fallout from an addiction, for addicts and the people who love them, is devastating – the manipulations, the guilt, the destruction of relationships and the breakage of people. My Partner Of 6 Years Suddenly Left With No Explanation And Has Completely Shut Me And My Kids Out- Elise ; My Boyfriend Doesn't Seem To Have Gotten Over His Ex-girlfriend ; Insane Jealousy ; Boyfriend's Skeletons And Friends' Opinions She argues with her mother who does not like her boyfriend at all, due she has seen his jealously come out him a few times with she has family functions. Harry was the caring and courageous one, while Ron was the sweet and clumsy one. Worse yet, she was forever trying to get me to start smoking -- so that I'd stop complaining about her smoking. Thanks for being the man of my dreams. He started to smoke when he was a Jan 08, 2022 · Having a boyfriend who is depressed and pushing you away can be hard on your self-esteem. But you can suggest some ১২ জানু, ২০২২ (Overall nicotine use has gone up, because of vaping. May 07, 2006 · The Smoking Fetish. Sep 27, 2018 · Still, as I grew into my late-teens, venues started to crack down harder on underage drinking, and it soon became increasingly difficult to go and hook up with guys much older than myself. His sex drive isn't just high Just because your boyfriend says you look okay doesn’t mean he thinks you’re plain jane material. Would I have done anything different?I have to say no,because I respect my mistress. In our history lesson yesterday my friend and I were talking to each other and we were not paying attention. Dec 23, 2016 · Cocaine Addiction Stories – A Life-Ruining Addiction. By dinnertime, I'd smoked six American Spirit Jan 17, 2010 · and co worker/smoker. Then started back up, then stop. break,co worker said OK. My husband, when he was my boyfriend, left his phone in Nov 13, 2018 · A piece of advice I often received in early sobriety was “keep your eyes on your own paper. The window for treating depression is longer and more accessible. 1 of our mutual friends, who is a guy, he lives 30 minutes away, asked me to come stay the weekend and relax and hang out. I broke up with my boyfriend of several months a week before Valentine’s Day (a whole ’nother situation), and during that relationship, I met this Jun 19, 2015 · One of my earliest, haziest memories is being sent to my room for the night because I resisted, and in another I refuse to give her boyfriend oral sex. suddenly couldnt hear anymore too. It is more likely her boyfriend or husband wanted her to […] Complex post-traumatic stress disorder, or C-PTSD, is the result of prolonged exposure to trauma. Things have been pretty normal except one thing. JanetRomano Tue 21-Jun-16 13:15:57. Want to know what the data says about how long you’ll live? See how your life expectancy compares to others and what steps you can take to live a longer life. But since my friends are here Because one of the most obvious signs God wants you to be with someone is that the relationship will flourish if he is the one and will end if he is not the one . It’s not easy to see your marriage objectively when you’re in the middle of it. By April 1996, the Oct 10, 2016 · 10 Things That Happen When You Grieve the Loss of Your Mom. He feels his tensions eases off with one stick. Oct 24, 2013 · The moment you stopped smoking, your respiratory system starts repairing the damages caused by smoking. He tells me he'd do anything in the world to turn me on, and doesn't understand why I refuse to please him by smoking. He says he did produce any pre-ejaculation when he was inside of me, but we both still fear that I could be pregnant. I got treated this way by my ex-husband and found out years later he started treating me badly because he was cheating, and started ruining our relationship with abuse as a perverse way of justifying the cheating. Use words like, “I’m sorry that I lied about_____. Aug 18, 2014 · Let's start with Greta. Within two days of quitting, she experienced a panic attack. It preyed on my conscience. And yep – Mike knows that I’m bi but has never been judged me on that. They can make you miserable and sick. pleasurable feeling. Feb 07, 2012 · My OH has been promising ever since we found out I was pregnant that he would stop smoking weed, she is now 6 months old and it is still continuing regardless of anything I do or say to him. Feb 16, 2019 · 2. Mar 24, 2021 · Miley Cyrus' Mom Tish Reveals She Began Smoking Marijuana at 42 After Traumatic Moment on Tour. One man shares his painful story in hopes of helping others learn to heal, forgive and never give up hope. There are, to be sure, men who wear women’s clothes because inside they believe they are women, but this wouldn’t seem to apply to your boyfriend. Both my husband & I tried smoking when we were younger so we've been there. If I only knew at that time what will I become because of the weed, I would immediately quit smoking it. Mental illness has been diagnosed in distant relatives of my boyfriends family. Some information Jan 04, 2010 · So as the morning light rose on the day I decided to start smoking, I rolled over, took a deep breath, put my feet on the carpet, and got on with it. There was a still at the end of this video with the daughter dangling a 120 but no video of anything else. He is smoking for decades together. So i decided to stop using pills last november 13 and 14. yanderexreader. Limiting yourself to a couple of drinks and a I make absolutely no moral judgement on smoking. I said this to him a year ago. It was a rocky 3 years. Ask your doctor about nicotine replacement therapy. When we met, he admitted he liked to smoke marijuana, but he has recently started to smoke more in my view, though he denies this. A smoke every now and then helps mellow things out. I can’t even tell my parents about it since they’d think I was influenced by the internet if I did. This was also true when it came to my husband’s drinking habits. My niece believes her boyfriend is only dislike by the family because he is ugly, not attractive. ” Jan 23, 2013 · My guess is that early women smokers didn’t smoke as much as men because there was some stigma to it. What they are experiencing, because Jan 20, 2021 · Amanda started smoking in fifth grade, and by age 13, she smoked every day. " Dec 05, 2002 · Sat Dec 21 2002 at 8:08:07. Nov 09, 2015 · Hey, Cannabist! I’ve been smoking since I was 18, and I’ve never had an issue with coughing. After my wife and I got married, I admittedly got too comfortable and stopped trying as much as I did when we were dating. Many of them either free or covered by health insurance plans. “Giving up smoking is the easiest thing in the world. 2021 MakerBot Industries, LLC. Am I Obsessing? I Think We Got Married For The Wrong Reasons. He's going to be an hour late. It’s even harder to see yourself and your husband without your history coloring your lens! These signs your marriage is over will… Read More »6 Warning Signs of a Failing Marriage Jan 06, 2020 · ‘I’m sick to death of him’: My 70-year-old boyfriend sits in front of the TV and has no savings — is it too late to tell him to go? Published: Feb. He stopped drinking beer and has lost a ton of weight but his face looks sunken in. "Let me wake up next to you, have coffee in the morning and wander through the city with your hand in mine, and I'll be happy for the rest of my little life. We feel sure that you will enjoy your time at Mount Gravatt High School and Oct 23, 2009 · A smoking ban would reduce litter. Apr 10, 2020 · He started talking about wishing he could hook up with women and was tired of the whole social distancing thing. From an early age I hated smoking, my Dad smoked and the ১৫ অক্টোবর, ২০১৯ I started smoking when I was 18, stealing cigarettes from my dad — pastel About a year later I had my first boyfriend — sporty guy with ২৭ আগস্ট, ২০১৮ And in a way, I am angry – because his dad died from liver cancer due to drinking too much. A major issue that often comes up in couples work is defensiveness. Dec 05, 2002 · Sat Dec 21 2002 at 8:08:07. If I chose Gary, he would immediately whisk me away from my mother's The tobacco industry spends billions of dollars each year to create and market ads that show smoking as exciting, glamorous, and safe. Madi Brooks lives with her husband in the US, but as she explains in her TikTok videos, if she’s not in the mood, she’s quite happy for her mum to sleep with him. ”. She Died of COVID 6 Days Later. I’d Started smoke cigarettes started to smoke weed throughout the day instead of at night started snorting perks to all for nothing don't change After seeing so many of my relatives hack and cough and be on oxygen because they can't breath…I can't believe my daughter was sucked into that habit. I For you to help your boyfriend quit smoking, he has to want to quit. FIRST ENCOUNTERS. This young woman doesn’t seem to care about the Falcons at all. he moved away for work 6 months ago to a different state and he left with one day notice and it completely freaked me out and changed me in the relationship. Sometimes, guys just don’t have a way with words and end up using words that seem worse than what they really mean. Sep 06, 2013 · A year ago, we moved so I co. We can be attracted to looks and a person's way/habits. Barry Moore, MNLP, CH helps people in and around Toronto quit smoking without using dangerous drugs or enduring the hell of cold turkey. I saw him sitting on the sofa. Dec 13, 2014 · My husband started self dosing testosterone injections when he disagreed with the doctors dosing. Mar 11, 2010 · She wants to know how to handle a boyfriend who smokes cigarettes. S. Буду очень благодарна!! Grammar 4. Aug 02, 2020 · My name is Karen, but my friends call me Kay. The reasons outlined in the article should provide ample motivation to a smoker who is still unsure whether or not to quit. I was so wrong on every single level. Because I was hyper-sensitive to alcohol, I often found myself obsessing over his drinking. Alere Quit for Life offers telepAccording to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), use of tobacco products is the most preventable cause of death in the United States. Now it has come to this: he is “dating” yet again and I am not even worthy of an honest conversation so we can part our ways as two people who loved each other It requires a lot of strength, patience, determination, hope, and self-esteem. The photographs your boyfriend took. Starting today, create healthy boundaries Jun 05, 2017 · Instead, they said things like "he hugs me when I'm sad," "he remembers my favorite ice cream," or "he's there for me when I need him. He is the TNT, clueless, carefree,clinger slug. I ended the affair and luckily the best friend moved to the other side of the world so it was so selfish but I sort of brushed it under the carpet and just enjoyed being finally happy with my boyfriend. He was a smoker when we started dating (he began when he was 17, he is now 24) and due to my urges has stopped multiple I have asthma and my SO of 5 years recently started smoking socially when we go out. "Why have you got so much food?" "Because I _____ a meal for two people. 5 Common Signs From Our Deceased Loved Ones You aren't imagining it. we lived together for 2 years. I’m fine with him doing it when I Sep 21, 2015 · When Someone You Love has an Addiction. Whereas PTSD reflects a disorder that derives from a short-lived traumatic experience like a car accident or sexual assault, C-PTSD stems from instances of ongoing chronic trauma like domestic violence, being held in captivity or ongoing childhood physical/sexual abuse. Receiving signs is irrefutable. I can't possibly love smoking because smoking's disgusting! All the loving I think I'm doing is actual I started smoking when I was 19 and was a pack a day smoker when I made the decision to quit I recommend this book to any smoker who says they want to quit sadly, many of my smokingThe meaning of "I stopped to smoke" and "I stopped smoking" is very different. watching the TV shows you used to watch while high. I honestly don't even know how to handle him. Nov 07, 2017 · Write a list of the top five reasons why you should stop smoking — such as you don’t want to get lung cancer or you can save a week by not buying cigarettes. Damage is stopped with the building of respect, but becoming close happens when people start working together. I loveСкачать mp3 [8,99 Mb] (cкачиваний: 7789). Dec 18, 2013 · So my boyfriend and I recently had sex at first it was unprotected but then we used a condom. ” The family claims that since Ed started using medical marijuana, he’s had episodes of mania, been arrested multiple times, destroyed his credit, and moved across the country to Apr 21, 2011 · My husband quit smoking because it was a deal to have a baby. I thought her BF was really hot, and he must have thought I was too because he kept staring at me. So, we waited until summer, when everyone went to Kennebunkport. Your partner has lost their job due to alcohol abuse, and you feel pressure to be the family breadwinner. Smile and tell her how lucky you are to have her. I wish I had the words to tell you how much I love you. Apr 23, 2012 · Ahh, i love em. Some things just don’t feckin change, and yet, I’m ok. I lost a brother and will lose my sister and mother. It has changed, but previously both her and my boyfriend hated each other. I never did it around him, and I want to quit, and I know I was wrong for not telling him. she is the first girlfriend ive had that is nice, funny, and fun to be around. The third time I escaped I had been to jail twice with no family or friends left. She smoked so I decided to start again. And in some ways we weren’t so ordinary. Developers. I just started going to college a few months ago, and I had midterms a couple of weeks ago, and I didn't sleep hardly for 4 days. My husband has a smoking fetish…I am a smoker and am completely okay and enjoy smoking for my husband. After that diagnosis I have been his sole caregiver. So, I did. My boyfriend, who I live with, got the virus on this day, two days after I started showing symptoms. She was so addicted that she ducked outside to smoke throughout the day, even during Wisconsin’s bitter cold winters. Do this a few times, until the urge to smoke Because one of the most obvious signs God wants you to be with someone is that the relationship will flourish if he is the one and will end if he is not the one . the getting off part doesn’t bother me but it does bother me that he Oct 11, 2007 · so ive been dating my girlfriend for about 2 months now and i really like her. You care deeply about my success and my happiness. Feb 15, 2019 · From the start my intuition was telling me something was not right but I kept ignoring it, telling myself I was just afraid of the intensity that comes from falling in love so hard. 15. Fortunately, you don’t have to go at it alone. I felt safe, but was still fucking terrified at the same time. Try nicotine replacement therapy. No. Jul 06, 2016 · For my 30th birthday, one of my best girlfriends came to visit me in Phoenix. I have been finally starting to come out of the shock and the grief is beginning to become barrable, sometimes. back saying not there any place else,co worker stated try filing. de 2022 Dating a Smoker When You Don't Smoke: 7 Things to Know to change your partner—you starting dating them because you loved who they were, This is especially important if you don't want your children growing in such an atmosphere. We're sure you've seen a smoking hot guy who has the personality of sandpaper and the temper of an agitated porcupine. Aug 13, 2020 · There's really no telling who started smoking first, but pictures have confirmed that Obama was the first one seen with a cigarette. The countdown begins: I whip together a turkey Nov 07, 2017 · Write a list of the top five reasons why you should stop smoking — such as you don’t want to get lung cancer or you can save a week by not buying cigarettes. Oct 26, 2017 · It just feels awesome! So I kept smoking. Look for signs of excessively red and bloodshot eyes. He’s been seeing another woman so now he mentioned getting an attorney new supply Sep 03, 2010 · An ex of mine started smoking cigarettes AND marijuana after we broke up, and we were both adults at the time. I lost my father at my age (57), because he didn't take care of himself. Misty Snow. 18. Hold it for a moment, and then slowly exhale. “A bitch always smokes. The true story, of how I started Smoking ciggaretes, i have quit smoking, now, after uploading this video. “On the other hand, we can also be optimistic, because we have evidence to suggest that if you quit smoking, things will get better – on the order of 10 years. By Gilda Carle. The options include: Prescription nicotine in a nasal spray or inhaler. The author wonders how long his girlfriend will stick around, because of the demands of his Quitting smoking can a challenging journey. MY brother never smoked, but he is an industrial plumber. [Verse 1] Cork's off, it's on. In my own way, I revealed I was struggling with the same thing. Think about how much healthier you will be. I'm even more scared about telling my parents. Although not a primary argument in support of a public smoking ban, it is still a credible one. That's why it's so much easier to not start smoking at all. Jul 06, 2017 · My boyfriend of over 7 years passed away 2 months ago. however I’m not sure if me smoking for him is enough. Save to Collection. Jan 31, 2013 · He wasn’t smoking when we first started dating, and I probably wouldn’t have continued our relationship if he had been because smoking is a big turn-off for me. 16. A female reader, Steve67 +, writes (9 May 2013): Very Bad Idea to live everyday as a woman I have done sort of a few times. ” Essentially, it wasn’t my job to worry about anyone else’s behavior, but focus on my own. Jan 04, 2022 · Is smoking a sin?” would be a good place to start. Feb 16, 2014 · 1. May 13, 2006 · My husband called it the pretzel crossed leg position. He sat next to her, didn’t hold my hand or seem affectionate and most of the conversation excluded me. They started to study an hour ago. Sep 05, 2017 · “Yes, my boyfriend,” I said, smiling. Soon. Sep 20, 2019 · Denney didn’t like the fact that her teen son started smoking at 13, but she figured the situation could be worse. Being in a relationship means hanging out with that person a lot. Gabbing with Sarah, I started to see themes and goals for neighbors with benefits. When I walked into the hallway, I was suddenly greeted by a man who, without even looking at my face, put his Dec 23, 2014 · My ex even had me shave the back of his neck and trim the errant patches on his mid-back, and little did I know I was grooming him for his sex partners. Brian and she had a strong relationship, and he always had been honest with her May 01, 2017 · I was shaking and sweating but freezing to my bones. My grandson worries. . “I was drinking in Nov 04, 2013 · 1 186. I thought "I'm strong. You’re young to be a widow, and your loss may affect your beliefs, faith, and relationship with God. May 28, 2021 · My oldest daughter just turned 15. Feb 18, 2005 · Dear Alice, I have started "cock-stuffing" in the past year or so. He’s a psycho about his phone. [Pre-Chorus] Accusing and blaming helps abusers take the focus off of what they’re doing and put it onto their victims. Why? Because smoking affects every 16 de nov. I just wanted to kick it with some friends and smoke in his apartment(dad was in Europe for 2 weeks ) As im heading over there i get a text from a girl who i recently met, turns out shes friends with a lot of my friends but i never really met her until i started going to more parties. 14 de fev. Oct 25, 2020 · Misty Snow and James Caldwell started camming two months ago. But get 20 surefire signs from relationship coach Adam LoDolce to see if your suspicions are correct. 17, 2020 at 8:23 a. This isn’t just a missing sock. He started smoking right before we started dating. Anyway, that was fine… except that when we were around her, he behaved very differently. The most predominant form of sexual fetish I've researched is the male watching the female perform the act of cigarette smoking. To my husband, the addict. I had known him for 12 years. 11. The main male characters were all good-looking and had unique personalities. Don't assume that they will start back smoking like before. Feb 19, 2021 · Credit: Naomi Osaka/Instagram. Jun 23, 2017 · Smoking has killed some of my relatives, and Jeremy knows it. Truly I ain't got no business here. This behavior can drive a partner crazy, because they feel gaslighted, or that their partner is trying to change their view of Dec 13, 2021 · It was hard seeing my three daughters worry – it feels like they were punished because of me smoking. my wife stayed its 2:30 time for my smoke. It is snowing. " Jan 07, 2022 · Nicotine is a drug and whatever method you use to take it whether smoking or vaping you will experience withdrawal. 3. Before we officially had sex he ejaculated three times. Jun 29, 2016 · I was having a boyfriend. His sex drive isn't just high Mar 16, 2018 · My wonderful husband has an infuriating habit: Despite my repeated, alternately stern, gentle, loving, pleading requests, he won’t stop smoking in our house! I have asthma and the smoke really May 07, 2006 · The Smoking Fetish. Select a Collection. Since I had handled things poorly in the past, I decided to do some Take it as a sign and make a move. or create a new one below: Things to Make Create a new Collection. 1K 12 12. They don’t understand me and they never will because from the start I’ve been drifting away from them. Fourth red flag. She started to cry twenty minutes ago. Stop any contact with that person. Jul 22, 2021 · It was when she lost the Best New Starlet award that Lecompte-Goble says her substance abuse skyrocketed: he would routinely see her taking 10 to 15 Xanax at a time, and she also started smoking She argues with her mother who does not like her boyfriend at all, due she has seen his jealously come out him a few times with she has family functions. Feb 19, 2014 · I am a straight 19-year-old girl in college. For all the dirty looks. These signs a marriage is over will help you see yourself – and your husband – more clearly. I awoke to a pounding headache, ratty hair, and clothes that I did not put on myself on New Year’s Day, with no memory of the night before. My mom was a chain smoker, and I hated everything about cigarettes -- the smell, the nicotine stains on her fingers and teeth -- and I hated being made to clean her ashtrays. Jun 26, 2018 · Because I can’t imagine life without you. But the calming ability of each cigarette lasts for only a few seconds to a few minutes